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Challenging the assumption that the capitalist transformation
includes a radical break with the past, this edited volume traces
how historically older forms of social inequality are transformed
but persist in the present to shape the social structure of
contemporary societies in the global South. Each social collective
comprises an interpretation of itself - including the meaning of
life, the concept of a human person, and the notion of a
collective. This volume studies the interpretation that various
social collectives have of themselves. This interpretation is
referred to as social ontology. All chapters of the edited volume
focus on the relation between social ontology and structures of
inequality. They argue that each society comprises several
historical layers of social ontology that correspond to layers of
inequality, which are referred to as sociocultures. Thereby, the
volume explains why and how structures of inequality differ between
contemporary collectives in the global South, even though all of
them seem to have similar structures, institutions, and economies.
The volume is aimed at academics, students and the interested
public looking for a novel theorization of social inequality
pertaining to social collectives in the global South.
There are many different types of power practice directed towards
making soldiers obedient and disciplined inside the field of
insurgency. While some commanders punish by inflicting physical
pain, others use re-educative methods. While some prepare soldiers
by using close-knit combat simulations, others send their
subordinates immediately into battle. While these variations cannot
fully be explained by the ideological set-up of different groups or
by their political orientation, the basic assumption of the study
is that they nevertheless do not emerge at random. This book puts
forth that the type of power being utilised depends on the habitus
of the respective commander and, as a result, becomes socially
differentiated. Furthermore, power practices are shaped by the
classificatory discourse of commanders (and their soldiers) on good
soldierhood and leadership. The study found multiple 'habitus
groups' inside the field of insurgency, each with a distinctive
classificatory discourse and a corresponding power type at work.
While commanders shaped the dominating power practices (such as
military trainings, indoctrination, systems of rewards and
punishments, etc.), low-ranking soldiers took active part in
supporting or undermining power according to their own habitus
formation. This book helps professionals in this area to understand
better the types of power practice inside insurgencies. It is also
a useful guide to students and academics interested in peace and
conflict studies, sociology and Southeast Asia.
Challenging the assumption that the capitalist transformation
includes a radical break with the past, this edited volume traces
how historically older forms of social inequality are transformed
but persist in the present to shape the social structure of
contemporary societies in the global South. Each social collective
comprises an interpretation of itself - including the meaning of
life, the concept of a human person, and the notion of a
collective. This volume studies the interpretation that various
social collectives have of themselves. This interpretation is
referred to as social ontology. All chapters of the edited volume
focus on the relation between social ontology and structures of
inequality. They argue that each society comprises several
historical layers of social ontology that correspond to layers of
inequality, which are referred to as sociocultures. Thereby, the
volume explains why and how structures of inequality differ between
contemporary collectives in the global South, even though all of
them seem to have similar structures, institutions, and economies.
The volume is aimed at academics, students and the interested
public looking for a novel theorization of social inequality
pertaining to social collectives in the global South.
Drawing on data from three different insurgent groups within the
Cambodian conflict, the book shows how the social backgrounds of
combatants and commanders cause them to pursue different strategies
during a decade-long transition into various postconflict settings,
thereby creating different "pathways to peace." By highlighting
different vertical and horizontal ranks within the insurgent groups
and the role of belligerents' resources and networks, this
qualitative study tackles an imbalance in the current research on
Disarmament, Demobilization, and Reintegration (DDR), which tends
to focus on top-down planning and the technicalities of
reintegration programs. It helps explain why conflict dynamics and
path-dependencies differ among various social groups within the
field of insurgency. By analyzing the social position, life courses
and postconflict trajectories of various groups within the
insurgency, the book emphasizes the diversity of transitions to
peace and "brings the social back in." The study is grounded in
in-depth fieldwork conducted in Cambodia and its diaspora,
including 168 firsthand interviews with ex-combatants from groups
as diverse as Buddhist monks and Christian converts, intellectuals,
powerful warlords, civil servants, and female communist soldiers.
Using these details, the book not only builds a theory of the
social structure and internal logic of armed groups, but also
emphasizes the crucial importance of fighters' own narratives about
their roles in society. Therefore, in addition to advancing a
sociological perspective on post-conflict transitions, the study
also provides the most detailed treatment to date of the social
fields of the insurgents who fought in the civil war that followed
the fall of the Khmer Rouge regime in 1979. These social fields
continue to have a profound influence on Cambodian politics, even
today.
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